Saturn Corporation is a registered trademark established in 1985. They were a wholly-owned subsidiary of General Motors. They operated independently and marketed as an entirely different brand from the parent company. Later, they got their assembly plant in Tennessee. It has unique models and a retailer network of its own. It was GM's ploy to compete against the cheaper Japanese import. Also, it helped countered the Japanese transplants in the U.S. car market. Failing to attract bids for partnership, General Motors decided to discontinue the Saturn brand in 2009. New productions were halted the same year and the brand was disfranchised in 2010, the same year Pontiac was discontinued in the United States. However, the used Saturn transmission sells like hot cake even in today's market. It is highly sought after in the offline as well as online used car parts market currently.
Saturn debuted in automobiles with their 1984 Prototype. The SL (1st Gen) launched in 1990 came fitted with a 5-speed manual transmission. It featured a 1.9 L engine pumping up to 85 hp. The SC (1st Gen) and SL1 (1st Gen) offered some cosmetic uplifts in the following year. In the same year, they ventured into the 4-speed automatic transmission, in their 1991 SL2 (1st Gen). In 1993, they used a 5-speed manual transmission in SC1, SC2, and SW lineups.
Later, they released a coupe cum roadster concept by ASC. They continued on the 5-speed manual transmission with their 1994 SL2 Homecoming Edition and 1996 SL (2nd Gen), where they crossed the horsepower 100 hp mark. They even extended the 5-speed manual, even in 1996 SC (2nd Gen) touching the 100 hp mark. Even better, the SC2 (2nd Gen) which also came fitted with 5-speed manual transmission pumped up a horsepower of 126 hp.
Since the late 1990s, Saturn attempted to mainstream the 4-speed automatic transmission. Fitted with a 4-speed automatic, the SL1 (2nd Gen) featured a 1.9 L engine pumping up to 100 hp. The 1996 SL2 (2nd Gen) pumped up to a horsepower of 126 hp, reaching a top speed of 99 mph, which did a 0 to 60 in just 9.6 seconds. The SW1 (2nd Gen) launched in 1996 reached a top speed of 93 mph and did a 0 to 60 mph in 11.5 seconds. The sporty sedan version launched in 1996, the SW2 (1996) maintained a top speed of 99 mph and did 0 to 60 mph in 9.6 seconds.
Parallely, they kept in touch with the 5-speed manual transmission, including the 2000 SL (3rd Gen). At the turn of the century, they launched a 2000 SL (3rd Gen) fitted with a 4-speed automatic transmission featuring a 1.9 L: engine that pumped up to 100 hp. In the same year, they launched more sporty sedans SL2 (3rd Gen), LS, LW and more.
In the new millennium, Saturn launched 4-speed automatic-fitted SUVs featuring a 2.2 L engine, including the 2000 Vue (1st Gen). The car pulled a horsepower of 145 hp, reaching a top speed of 99 mph, and did a 0 to 60 in 11.1 seconds. Around that time they introduced a couple of concept cars including the CV1 concept, LST concept, and SCX concept. The following year, they came up with Vue Outdoor Expression, serving as a perfect outdoors. For a more civic look, they came up with the 2001 Vue Urban Expression. The SC2 concept and 10N EFC concept are the concept cars launched in 2002. The early 2000s first saw the introduction of SUVs and sedan upgrades in 4-speed automatic transmission-powered powertrain models. Saturn models straightaway debuted with 5-speed manual transmission and 4-speed automatic transmissions and kicked on from then.
Saturn debuted into the 5-speed automatic transmission with the 2002 SKY concept. The 2.1 L engine pumped out up to 180 hp. They attempted to mainstream it quickly with the 2003 ION, which came fitted with a 5-speed automatic transmission again. The 2.2 L engine pumped out up to 140 hp. Reaching a top speed of 108 mph, the 2003 ION did a 0 to 60 in just 10.2 seconds. However, they provided a 5-speed manual option in the form of an ION Quad Coupe, to appeal to hot rod enthusiasts. The same year, they came up with a few 4-speed automatic options including the LS Facelift, LS 3.0 Facelift, and LW 3.0 Facelift versions. In the same year, they launched the Vue Red Line Street Play Concept car, designed for modern, busy urban streets in the U.S. It was the beginning of mainstreaming 5-speed automatic transmissions in Saturn lineups.
Then, the Vue Red Line (1st Gen) released in 2004 used a 5-speed automatic transmission. Its 3.4 L engine pulled out up to 254 hp. Reaching 99 mph, it did a 0 to 60 in a blitzing 7 seconds. For an SUV in 2004, these are impressive figures. Also, they released the Curve Concept in the same year, which again employed the 5-speed automatic transmission. Also, they employed a 6-speed automatic transmission in their 3006 Prevue concept car.
Even in the later 2000s, Saturn launched many 4-speed automatic transmissions including the 2004 Ion Facelift, 2006 Vue Facelift (1st Gen), 2006 Vue Green Line Hybrid (1st Gen), 2007 Aura XE, and more. In 2007, they released the Aura XR with a 6-speed automatic, reaching a top speed of 149 mph and doing 0 to 60 mph in just 6.2 seconds. Almost similar speed and performance figures were ensured in the 5-speed manual model in 2007, the Saturn SKY. The later Saturns did not return great sales figures before GM discontinued the brand in 2010.
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